
The Ethereum Foundation has confirmed that Fusaka’s upcoming hard fork will introduce a protocol-wide cap on the amount of gas a single transaction can consume, officially coded as EIP-7825. The cap is set at 2²⁴ gas – 16,777,216 units – marking the first time that Ethereum has imposed a per-transaction limit different from the gas block limit. The change is already active on Holesky and Sepolia and will be rolled out to the mainnet when Fusaka is activated.
In a job published On October 21, Tony Wahrstatter put the rationale in straightforward terms: “Beginning with Fusaka’s upcoming hard fork, EIP-7825 offers a per-transaction gas cap of 2²⁴ (≈ 16.78 million gas).” The Foundation’s memo emphasizes that while the cap limits individual transactions, it does not change the gas block limit; Instead, it is designed to mitigate denial-of-service vectors where a single high-volume call monopolizes an entire block and to improve the predictability of block fill as the network prepares for parallel execution.
EIP-7825 draws a clean line between transaction-level complexity and system-level throughput. Previously, exceptionally large calls could get close to the full gas target (sometimes around 45 million), creating timing and scheduling ailments for builders and auditors.
The new cap requires that workloads that may exceed 16.78 million gases be divided into smaller, sequential calls. The organization’s guidance is careful to point out that “for most users, nothing changes,” because the statistical distribution of transactions in the real world already falls below the threshold; The risk surface primarily concerns contracts with large batches, deployment scripts, and specialized routers.
What this means for Ethereum and users
From a roadmap perspective, the cap is clearly set as a basis for parallel implementation. The blog post links the change to predictable efforts like EIP-7928 in the “Glamsterdam” era, where restricted and predictable transactions are a prerequisite for meaningful concurrency at the execution layer. By ensuring that at least several independent transactions per block can be aggregated—even under pathological memory conditions—maximum reduces worst-case contention and simplifies scheduler design for constructors experimenting with parallel execution paths.
The specs are the same, spare and mechanical. The EIP-7825 summary states the intent is “up to 16,777,216 (2^24) gases” per transaction, improving resiliency against certain DoS vectors and making transaction processing more predictable as block limits rise. This simplicity has been part of its appeal in core development channels: a small, well-scaled constraint that maintains future compatibility with more ambitious expansion work.
The discussion about how to encode and communicate the ceiling has been active for several months, including discussions about naming and parameterization on Ethereum Magicians and during AllCoreDevs calls. One thread summarized the basic guarantee that many contributors are targeting: aligning block targets to multiples of 2²⁴ so that constructors can always include at least n transactions if the memory pool contains n eligible transactions—an argument for predictability rather than raw throughput.
Operationally, the organization says all major clients – Geth, Erigon, Reth, Nethermind, and Besu – have implemented the change in Fusaka-ready builds, reducing the risk of divergence between clients upon activation. The post also emphasizes that the semantics of eth_call is not affected and that previously signed transactions that exceed the 2²⁴ gas limit will need to be re-signed under the cap. The upgrade path for developers is straightforward: test against Holesky or Sepolia, reuse batch processes that approach the cap, and adjust gas estimation logic and alerts to fail quickly when builds exceed the new cap.
The policy context is worth analyzing. Ethereum’s history has favored minimal, general-purpose constraints, deferring complexity to higher layers. EIP-7825 fits this pattern: it doesn’t express an opinion on what contracts should do, it just respects an upper bound that protects liveness and prepares the execution layer for a multi-threaded future.
It also avoids fee market adjustments, leaves out hyperspace economics, and blocks targets for EIPs and other forks. As the organization puts it, the cap “establishes a more secure and predictable foundation for increased throughput in future forks,” a line that succinctly sums up the trade-off.
At press time, Ethereum was trading at $3,835.

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